An motlakaseke sesebelisoa se fetolang matla a motlakase hore e be matla a mochine, 'me ho tloha ha Faraday a qapa mochine oa pele oa motlakase, re khonne ho phela bophelo ba rona ntle le sesebelisoa sena hohle.
Matsatsing ana, likoloi li fetoha ka potlako ho tloha ho tse sebelisoang haholo ke mechine ho ea ho lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke motlakase, 'me tšebeliso ea likoloi likoloing e ntse e ata le ho feta. Batho ba bangata ba ka 'na ba sitoa ho hakanya hore na ke li-motor tse kae tse kentsoeng koloing ea bona,' me kenyelletso e latelang e tla u thusa ho sibolla li-motor koloing ea hau.
Lisebelisoa tsa li-motors ka har'a likoloi
Ho fumana hore na enjene e kae koloing ea hau, setulo sa motlakase ke sebaka se loketseng ho se fumana. Likoloi tsa moruo, hangata li-motor li fana ka phetoho e ka pele le e ka morao le ho sekama ha backrest. Ka likoloi tsa pele,likoloi tsa motlakasee ka laola phetoho ea bophahamo, mohlala, setulo se ka tlaase ho setulo se lutseng, tšehetso ea lumbar, ho lokisoa ha hlooho le ho tiea ha mokokotlo, har'a likarolo tse ling tse ka sebelisoang ntle le li-motor tsa motlakase. Likarolo tse ling tsa setulo tse sebelisang li-motor tsa motlakase li kenyelletsa ho mena ha setulo sa matla le ho kenya matla a litulo tse ka morao.
Windscreen wiper ke mohlala o tloaelehileng haholo oamotlakaselisebelisoa tsa likoloi tsa sejoale-joale. Ka tloaelo, koloi e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le bonyane motlakase o le mong bakeng sa li-wiper tse ka pele. Li-wiper tsa lifensetere tse ka morao li ntse li tsebahala haholo ka li-SUV le likoloi tse nang le mamati a moliko, ho bolelang hore li-wiper tse ka morao le li-motor tse tsamaisanang li teng likoloing tse ngata. E 'ngoe ea mokelikeli oa mochini o hlatsoang mochini o eang fensetereng ea moea, 'me likoloing tse ling ho ea maboneng, a ka bang le wiper ea ona e nyane.
Hoo e ka bang koloi e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le sephahla se potolohang moea ka mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa; likoloi tse ngata li na le li-fan tse peli kapa ho feta ka kamoreng. Likoloi tsa maemo a holimo li boetse li na le li-fan litulong bakeng sa ho kenya moea oa cushion le ho aba mocheso.
Nakong e fetileng, lifensetere li ne li atisa ho buloa le ho koaloa ka letsoho, empa hona joale lifensetere tsa motlakase li tloaelehile. Lifensetere tse patiloeng li kentsoe fensetereng ka 'ngoe, ho kenyelletsa marulelo a letsatsi le lifensetere tse ka morao. Li-actuator tse sebelisoang bakeng sa lifensetere tsena li ka ba bonolo joaloka li-relay, empa litlhoko tsa polokeho (joalo ka ho bona litšitiso kapa lintho tse tlamang) li lebisa tšebelisong ea li-actuator tse bohlale tse nang le ho shebella motsamao le ho fokotsa matla a ho khanna.
Ho fetoha ho tloha ho manual ho ea ho motlakase, liloko tsa koloi li ntse li le bonolo haholoanyane. Melemo ea taolo ea enjene e kenyelletsa likarolo tse bonolo joalo ka ts'ebetso e hole, le polokeho e matlafalitsoeng le bohlale joalo ka ho notlolla ka boiketsetso kamora ho thulana. Ho fapana le lifensetere tsa matla, liloko tsa mamati a motlakase li tlameha ho boloka khetho ea ts'ebetso ea letsoho, ka hona sena se ama moralo oa enjene le sebopeho sa senotlolo sa lemati.
Lipontšo tsa li-dashboard kapa lihlopha li ka 'na tsa fetoha li-light-emitting diode (LED) kapa mefuta e meng ea lipontšo, empa hona joale mochine o mong le o mong oa ho daela le oa ho lekanya o sebelisa li-motor tse nyenyane tsa motlakase. Li-motor tse ling tse sehlopheng sa ho fana ka boiketlo li kenyelletsa likarolo tse tloaelehileng tse kang ho mena seipone ka mahlakoreng le ho lokisa boemo, hammoho le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse feto-fetohang tse kang litlhōrō tse fetolehang, li-pedals tse huloang, le likhaohano tsa likhalase pakeng tsa mokhanni le mopalami.
Tlas'a bonnet, likoloi tsa motlakase li ntse li ata haholo libakeng tse ling tse ngata. Maemong a mangata, li-motors tsa motlakase li nkela likarolo tsa mochini tse tsamaisoang ka lebanta sebaka. Mehlala e kenyelletsa li-radiator, lipompo tsa mafura, lipompo tsa metsi le li-compressor. Ho na le melemo e mengata ea ho fetola mesebetsi ena ho tloha lebanta ho ea ho koloi ea motlakase. E 'ngoe ke hore ts'ebeliso ea li-drive motors lisebelisoa tsa sejoale-joale tsa elektroniki li sebetsa hantle ho feta ho sebelisa mabanta le li-pulleys, e leng se hlahisang melemo e kang ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mafura, ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele le ho fokotsa likhase. Molemo o mong ke hore tšebeliso ea likoloi tsa motlakase ho e-na le mabanta a lumella bolokolohi bo eketsehileng ho moralo oa mechine, kaha libaka tse ntseng li eketseha tsa lipompo le li-fan ha lia lokela ho thibeloa ke lebanta la noha le lokelang ho kenngoa ho pulley ka 'ngoe.
Mekhoa ea theknoloji ea likoloi tsa koloi
Li-motors tsa motlakase li bohlokoa haholo libakeng tse tšoailoeng setšoantšong se kaholimo, 'me, ka mor'a moo, ha koloi e ntse e e-ba elektroniki le tsoelo-pele ea ho khanna ka boithaopo le bohlale, li-motors tsa motlakase li tla sebelisoa le ho feta ka koloing,' me mofuta oa li-motor bakeng sa koloi le tsona lia fetoha.
Le hoja pele lienjiniere tse ngata tsa likoloi li ne li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa likoloi tsa 12V, litsamaiso tse peli tsa 12V le 48V li se li ntse li ata, 'me tsamaiso ea motlakase oa bobeli e lumellang meroalo e meng ea morao-rao hore e tlosoe betereng ea 12V. Monyetla oa ho sebelisa phepelo ea 48V ke phokotso hane ea hona joale bakeng sa matla a tšoanang, le phokotso e tsamaisanang le boima ba likhoele le mapheo a makoloi. Lisebelisoa tse nang le meroalo e phahameng ea hona joale e ka nchafatsoang ho matla a 48V li kenyelletsa li-starter motors, turbocharger, lipompo tsa mafura, lipompo tsa metsi le li-fan tse futhumatsang. Ho beha sistimi ea motlakase ea 48V bakeng sa likarolo tsena ho ka boloka hoo e ka bang liperesente tse 10 tsa tšebeliso ea mafura.
Ho utloisisa Mefuta ea Likoloi
Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li hloka li-motor tse fapaneng, 'me li-motor li ka aroloa ka mekhoa e fapaneng.
1. Karohano e ipapisitseng le mohloli oa matla a sebetsang - Ho latela mohloli oa matla a sebetsang a enjene, e ka aroloa ka li-motor tsa DC le li-motor tsa AC. Har'a tsona, li-motors tsa AC li boetse li arotsoe ka li-motor tsa karolo e le 'ngoe le li-motor tsa mekhahlelo e meraro.
2. Ho ea ka molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa - ho ea ka sebopeho se fapaneng le molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa, motlakase o ka aroloa ka mochine oa DC, asynchronous motor le synchronous motor. Li-motor tsa synchronous le tsona li ka aroloa ka li-motor synchronous motors tse sa feleng, li-motor synchronous motors le li-hysteresis motors. Enjene ea Asynchronous e ka aroloa ka motor induction le AC commutator motor.
3. Karolelano ho ea ka mokhoa oa ho qala le oa ho sebetsa - motlakase ho latela mokhoa oa ho qala le oa ho sebetsa o ka aroloa ka capacitor-started single-phase asynchronous motor, capacitor-run single-phase asynchronous motor, capacitor-started running single-phase asynchronous motor and split-phase single-phase asynchronous motor.
4. Karolelano ho latela ts'ebeliso - li-motors tsa motlakase li ka aroloa ka li-motor tsa ho khanna le li-motor tse laolang ho latela ts'ebeliso. Drive motor e arotsoe ka lisebelisoa tsa motlakase (ho kenyeletsoa ho cheka, ho bentša, ho sila, ho slotting, ho itšeha, ho rema le lisebelisoa tse ling) ka li-motor tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng (ho kenyeletsoa metjhini e hlatsoang, li-fan tsa motlakase, lihatsetsi, li-air conditioner, lirekoto tsa theipi, VCRs, lirekoto tsa video, libapali tsa DVD, lihuku, lik'hamera, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, jj. Mechini e menyenyane le lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ka kakaretso (ho kenyeletsoa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mochini o monyane, mochini o monyane, lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, joalo-joalo). Li-motor tsa taolo li arotsoe ka li-motors tsa stepper le li-servo motors.
5. Classification ho ea ka sebopeho sa rotor - motor ho ea ka sebopeho sa rotor e ka aroloa ka cage induction motor (tekanyetso ea khale e bitsoa squirrel cage asynchronous motor) le terata-leqeba la rotor induction motor (tekanyetso ea khale e bitsoa terata-leqeba asynchronous motor).
6. Karohano ho ea ka lebelo la ts'ebetso - motlakase ho ea ka lebelo la ts'ebetso e ka aroloa ka li-motor tse lebelo, li-motor tse lebelo le tlaase, li-motor tse sa khaotseng, likoloi tse lebelo.
Hajoale, li-motor tse ngata lits'ebetsong tsa 'mele oa likoloi li sebelisa brushed DC motors, e leng tharollo ea setso. Li-motor tsena li bonolo ho li khanna ebile li batla li le theko e tlase ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea ho tsamaisa e fanoang ke borashe. Lits'ebetsong tse ling, li-motors tsa brushless DC (BLDC) li fana ka melemo e mengata mabapi le matla a matla, a fokotsang boima ba 'mele le ho fana ka moruo o betere oa mafura le mesi e fokolang,' me bahlahisi ba khetha ho sebelisa li-motor tsa BLDC ho li-wiper tsa windscreen, futhumatsang ea cabin, ventilation le air conditioning (HVAC) le lipompo. Lits'ebetsong tsena, li-motor li na le ho sebetsa nako e telele ho fapana le ts'ebetso ea nakoana joalo ka lifensetere tsa motlakase kapa litulo tsa motlakase, moo ho ba bonolo le ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa li-motors tse brushed li tsoelang pele ho ba molemo.
Likoloi tsa motlakase tse loketseng likoloi tsa motlakase
Ho tloha ho likoloi tse sebelisang mafura ho ea ho likoloi tsa motlakase feela ho tla bona phetoho ho lienjine tse khannoang pelong ea koloi.
Sistimi ea ho khanna koloi ke pelo ea koloi ea motlakase, e nang le enjene, sesebelisoa sa motlakase, li-sensor tse fapaneng tsa ho lemoha le phepelo ea motlakase. Li-motor tse loketseng bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakase li kenyelletsa: li-motor tsa DC, li-mothara tsa DC tse se nang brush, li-asynchronous motors, li-motor synchronous motors tse sa feleng, le li-motor tsa ho tsilatsila tse fetotsoeng.
DC motor ke enjene e fetolang matla a motlakase a DC hore e be matla a mochini, 'me e sebelisoa haholo ho hula matla a motlakase ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e ntle ea taolo ea lebelo. E boetse e na le litšoaneleho tsa torque e kholo ea ho qala le taolo e batlang e le bonolo, ka hona, mochini o mong le o mong o qalang tlas'a moroalo o boima kapa o hloka taolo e ts'oanang ea lebelo, joalo ka limilo tse kholo tse fetolehang, li-winch, li-locomotives tsa motlakase, tram joalo-joalo, li loketse ts'ebeliso ea li-motors tsa DC.
Brushless DC motor e tsamaellana haholo le litšobotsi tsa mojaro oa likoloi tsa motlakase, tse nang le litšobotsi tse kholo tsa lebelo le tlase, li ka fana ka torque e kholo ea ho qala ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ho potlakisa likoloi tsa motlakase, ka nako e ts'oanang, e ka sebetsa ka lebelo le tlase, le mahareng le le pharalletseng, e boetse e na le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ts'ebetso, maemong a jereng khanya, e na le ts'ebetso e phahameng. Bobebe ke hore enjene ka boeona e rarahane ho feta enjene ea AC mme molaoli o rarahane ho feta enjene ea brushed DC.
Asynchronous motor, ke hore, induction motor, ke sesebelisoa seo rotor e kenngoa ka har'a matla a khoheli a potolohang, 'me tlas'a ts'ebetso ea matla a khoheli a potolohang, torque e potolohang e fumanoa, kahoo rotor e potoloha. Sebopeho sa makoloi sa Asynchronous se bonolo, se bonolo ho se etsa le ho se hlokomela, se na le litšobotsi tse haufi le lebelo la lebelo, se ka fihlela litlhoko tsa mochini o mongata oa indasteri le oa temo. Leha ho le joalo, lebelo la motlakase oa asynchronous le lebelo la eona le potolohang la matla a khoheli le na le sekhahla se tsitsitseng sa ho potoloha, ka hona taolo ea lebelo e fokola, eseng joalo ka moruo oa DC, e fetohang. Ntle le moo, lits'ebetsong tse matla, tse lebelo le tlase, li-motors tsa asynchronous ha li na kahlolo e molemo joalo ka li-motor tsa synchronous.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor ke synchronous motor e hlahisang matla a khoheli a pota-potileng ka ho hlasimoloha ha limakenete tse sa feleng, tse sebetsang joalo ka rotor ho hlahisa matla a khoheli a potolohang, 'me li-stator windings tsa mehato e meraro li arabela ka har'a sehlomo tlas'a ts'ebetso ea matla a khoheli a potolohang, a hohela maqhubu a mekhahlelo e meraro. Mochine o sa feleng oa magnet o na le boholo bo fokolang, o bobebe ka boima, o na le inertia e nyenyane e potolohang le matla a phahameng a matla, a loketseng likoloi tsa motlakase tse nang le sebaka se fokolang. Ho phaella moo, e na le karo-karolelano e kholo ea torque-to-inertia, matla a mangata a mangata, le torque e kholo e hlahisoang haholo-holo ka lebelo le tlaase la ho potoloha, le loketseng ho potlakisa ho qala ha koloi ea k'homphieutha. Ka hona, li-motor tsa magnet tse sa feleng li 'nile tsa amoheloa ka kakaretso ke linako tsa likoloi tsa motlakase tsa malapeng le tsa kantle ho naha' me li sebelisitsoe likoloing tse ngata tsa motlakase. Ka mohlala, likoloi tse ngata tsa motlakase Japane li tsamaisoa ke li-motor tsa magnet tse sa feleng, tse sebelisoang ho Toyota Prius hybrid.
Nako ea poso: Jan-31-2024